Facade · WS-FAC-02 · v0.9.4
Facade Panel – UV Extreme
Experimental lignin-heavy blend for harsh climates (Phoenix, Dubai). Adds iron oxide pigment and shifts binder ratio toward kraft lignin. Acoustic retest pending before candidate promotion.
Draft
Forked from WS-FAC-01 v1.2.0
Batch size
500 g
Nominal
Total mass
777.0 g
Incl. finishing
Parts
4
A · B · C · D
Ingredients
18
Across all parts
Cost / batch
$4.47
All parts
Cost / kg
$5.75
Finished material
Measured performance
Aggregated across attached testsCompression
54.6 MPa
Water absorption
2.9%
UV (0–10)
9.7/10
Density
798 kg/m³
Ingredients
Organized by mixing part · mass% = share of total recipeA
Part A · Base matrix
11 ingredients · 488.0 g · $3.10
| Ingredient | Material | Amount | Mass % | Purpose | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sawdust | Sawdust | 160 g | 20.6% | Structural filler — bulk biomass | $0.080 |
Kraft Lignin | Lignin | 110 g | 14.2% | Binder and matrix stabilizer | $0.220 |
CaCO₃ (Calcium Carbonate) | Additive | 18 g | 2.3% | Stiffener and filler | $0.005 |
CNF (Cellulose Nanofibers) | NC | 55 g | 7.1% | Reinforcement and cohesion | $2.64 |
Borriesperse (Lignosulfonate) | Lignin | 30 g | 3.9% | Water-dispersible binder | $0.045 |
Sorbitol | Additive | 8 g | 1.0% | Plasticizer for flexibility | $0.014 |
Potassium Sorbate | Additive | 1 g | 0.1% | Preservative (mold inhibitor) | $0.008 |
FeSO₄·7H₂O | Additive | 2 g | 0.3% | Fenton catalyst (oxidation) | $0.002 |
Citrate Buffer pH 4.5 (0.05M) | Additive | 10 g | 1.3% | Maintains optimal pH | $0.050 |
Water | — | 88 g | 11.3% | Hydration and flow medium | $0.000 |
Iron oxide pigment (red) | Additive | 6 g | 0.8% | UV-stable color | $0.036 |
B
Part B · Cure activator
2 ingredients · 27.0 g · $0.065
| Ingredient | Material | Amount | Mass % | Purpose | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂, 3%) | Additive | 25 g | 3.2% | Curing agent (via Fenton reaction) | $0.063 |
FeSO₄·7H₂O | Additive | 2 g | 0.3% | Fenton catalyst (oxidation) | $0.002 |
C
Part C · Rheology & plasticizer
3 ingredients · 152.0 g · $0.200
| Ingredient | Material | Amount | Mass % | Purpose | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xanthan Gum | Additive | 10 g | 1.3% | Viscosity booster (thickener) | $0.120 |
Warm Water | — | 110 g | 14.2% | Disperses xanthan evenly | $0.000 |
Glycerin | Additive | 32 g | 4.1% | Co-plasticizer, flow modifier | $0.080 |
D
Part D · Finishing & sealing
2 ingredients · 110.0 g · $1.10
| Ingredient | Material | Amount | Mass % | Purpose | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beeswax Pellets | Additive | 60 g | 7.7% | Sealant — hydrophobic finish | $0.900 |
Linseed Oil | Additive | 50 g | 6.4% | Sealant — oxidative cure | $0.200 |
Mixing instructions
8 steps · total hands-on time 45 h 39 min- 1Part A dry mix7 min
Combine sawdust, kraft lignin, CaCO₃, borriesperse, potassium sorbate, and iron oxide pigment. Dry-mix to uniform color — pigment dispersion is critical.
- 2Part A wet addition10 min
Dissolve FeSO₄·7H₂O and sorbitol in 88g water with citrate buffer. Add to dry mix.
- 3Part C preparation15 min40 °C
Same as FAC-01 Part C.
- 4Combine A + C + CNF20 min
Pour Part C into Part A, then disperse CNF. Mix 20 min.
- 5Part B activation2 min
Activate as per FAC-01 Part B. Higher lignin content extends pot life to ~45 min.
- 6Print + extended cure36 h
Extrude. Ambient cure 36h (longer than FAC-01 due to lignin loading).
- 7Oven post-cure8 h85 °C
Ramp to 85°C, hold 8h. Confirm weight loss <0.5%/h before ending.
- 8Seal45 min70 °C
Higher beeswax load for UV protection. Apply 3 passes with sanding between.
Cost contribution by ingredient
Ranked high to low1.
CNF (Cellulose Nanofibers)
$2.64
59.1%
2.
Beeswax Pellets
$0.900
20.2%
3.
Kraft Lignin
$0.220
4.9%
4.
Linseed Oil
$0.200
4.5%
5.
Xanthan Gum
$0.120
2.7%
6.
Sawdust
$0.080
1.8%
7.
Glycerin
$0.080
1.8%
8.
Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂, 3%)
$0.063
1.4%
9.
Citrate Buffer pH 4.5 (0.05M)
$0.050
1.1%
10.
Borriesperse (Lignosulfonate)
$0.045
1.0%
11.
Iron oxide pigment (red)
$0.036
0.8%
12.
Sorbitol
$0.014
0.3%
13.
Potassium Sorbate
$0.008
0.2%
14.
CaCO₃ (Calcium Carbonate)
$0.005
0.1%
15.
FeSO₄·7H₂O
$0.002
0.1%
16.
FeSO₄·7H₂O
$0.002
0.1%
17.
Warm Water
$0.000
0.0%
18.
Water
$0.000
0.0%
Batch economics
Total cost / batch$4.47
Finished mass777.0 g
Cost per kg$5.75
Priciest inputCNF (Cellulose Nanofibers)
Share of total from top 384%
Safety
- See FAC-01. Additional: iron oxide respirable — handle in fume hood.
Batches mixed from this recipe
All batches →BAT-24-0418-012026-04-18 11:05 · 140 kg · R. Chenconsumed
Attached tests
All tests →T-8821Compression54.6 MPapass
T-8820Water absorption (24h)2.9 %pass
T-8819UV (500h QUV)9.7 / 10pass